Small Credit Institutions in Nomadic Societies of Stavropol Governorate in 19<sup>th</sup> — Early 20<sup>th</sup> Centuries

The issues of organization and functioning small credit institutions in the nomadic societies Stavropol province 19 th — early 20 centuries are studied. basis source base was legislative acts, verdicts public gatherings clerical correspondence, revealed for first time funds Russian State Historical Archives, Archives Territory National Republic Kalmykia, unveiling process activities auxiliary loan savings banks. analysis documents by applying a systematic method scientific research made it possible to reveal internal mechanisms Nogais, Turkmens Kalmyks. Using retrospective method, influence banks on change their economic orientation, historical-comparative contributed identification common special features course work revealed. author focuses importance small-scale lending conditions an extensive way running economy, which depends natural climatic factors. Conclusions drawn about role transition nomads settled life. social effect rallying members society, development spirit entrepreneurship is emphasized.